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This is a charset issue. As such, it can have gone wrong on many different levels, but most likely, the strings in your database are utf-8 encoded, and you are presenting them as iso-8859-1. Or the other way around. Show The proper way to fix this problem, is to get your character-sets straight. The simplest strategy, since you're using PHP, is to use iso-8859-1 throughout your application. To do this, you must ensure that:
If you already have data in your database, you should be aware that they are probably messed up already. If you are not already in production phase, just wipe it all and start over. Otherwise you'll have to do some data cleanup. A note on meta-tags, since everybody misunderstands what they are:When a web-server serves a file (A HTML-document), it sends some information, that isn't presented directly in the browser. This is known as HTTP-headers. One such header, is the This page has a very good explanation of these things. If you ever come across this issue where special characters like aprostrophe's and ñ's are being replaced by this weird symbol, �, it could be a char-set thing. I tried a couple of solutions but none of them worked, until I looked into my php.ini for anything related to setting the character encoding, and I found that default_charset is set to UTF-8. I simply changed it to ISO-8859-1, restarted the IIS server, and refreshed the page. And it worked! Php.ini can be found on your PHP installation folder, in my case: C:\Program Files (x86)\PHP\php-7.4.8\php.ini Set default_charset to ISO-8859-1 and enable it by removing the ; in front default_charset = "iso-8859-1" Share: Comparison operators, as their name implies, allow you to compare two values. You may also be interested in viewing the type comparison tables, as they show examples of various type related comparisons. Comparison Operators
If both operands are numeric strings, or one operand is a number and the other one is a numeric string, then the comparison is done numerically. These rules also apply to the switch
statement. The type conversion does not take place when the comparison is Warning Prior to PHP 8.0.0, if a string is compared to a number or a numeric string then the string was converted to a number before performing the comparison. This can lead to surprising results as can be seen with the following example:
"a") { Output of the above example in PHP 7: bool(true) bool(true) bool(true) bool(true) 0 Output of the above example in PHP 8: bool(false) bool(true) bool(true) bool(true) a
echo 1.5 <=> 1.5; // 0 For various types, comparison is done according to the following table (in order). Comparison with Various Types
Example #1 Boolean/null comparison
Example #2 Transcription of standard array comparison
Warning Comparison of floating point numbersBecause of the way floats are represented internally, you should not test two floats for equality. See the documentation for float for more information.
Incomparable Values While identity comparison ( Ternary OperatorAnother conditional operator is the "?:" (or ternary) operator. Example #3 Assigning a default value
The expression It is possible to leave out the middle part of the ternary operator. Expression
Null Coalescing OperatorAnother useful shorthand operator is the "??" (or null coalescing) operator. Example #6 Assigning a default value
The expression In particular, this operator does not emit a notice or warning if the left-hand side value does not exist, just like isset(). This is especially useful on array keys.
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count($a1) == count($a2))
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