When giving the client a bed bath which of the following sequences is preferred

Bed bath means bathing a patient who is confined to bed and cannot have the physical and mental capability of self-bathing

Bath is the act of cleaning the body. Baths are given for therapeutic purposes

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Purposes

• To cleanse body of dirt, debris and perspiration
• To refresh
• To stimulate circulation
• To provide comfort and relaxation
• To enhance self-concept
• To provide tactile stimulation
• To facilitate head to be assessment
• To regulate body temperature
• To induce sleep
• To prevent pressure sore
• To remove toxic substances from body surface
• To maintain an effective nurse-patient relationship
• To give health instruction to patient
• To remove unpleasant odors due to perspiration
• To relieve fatigue
• To prevent contractures by giving exercises
• To minimize the skin irritation

Types of Patients Needing Bed Bath

• Unconscious or semiconscious patients
• Postoperative patients
• Patients with strict bed rest
• Paraplegic patients
• Orthopedic patients in plaster – cast and traction
• Seriously ill patients

Types of Cleansing Bath

Bed bath: it is the bathing of a patient who is confined to bed

Therapeutic bath: doctor specifies the temperature of the water, medications to be added and the body part to be treated

Partial bath: it is the act of cleaning particular areas in the body part. They are face, axilla, and genitalia, upper and lower-limbs

Self-administered bath: this is same as in bed bath except the patient is assisting in taking bath

Tub bath or bath room bath: this bath is allowed to the patient only if he has enough confidence for self-help and to withstand procedure

11. Wash hands. Record the procedure in the nurse’s record with time and date and the type of bath. Record any abnormalities observed.

12. Take the opportunity to reach the client or his relatives about the personal hygiene.

 

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Types of Cleansing Bath

1. Bed Bath

Complete bed bath, partial bed bath, self-help bath. The client can have a complete bed bath or a partial bath. In complete bed bath, the whole body is bathed out, but in a partial bed bath only the areas where the secretions accumulate are cleaned e.g., the face, hands, axillae, back and perineum. Sometimes the term self administered bed bath is used in which the clients is confined to bed but is able to bathe himself completely except for his back and legs. The nurse provides everything for bath within the easy reach of the client.

2. Bathroom Bath, Shower Bath, Tub Bath

In past years, most clients were bathed in bed. As emphasis increased on preventing complications of immobility, the clients are now encouraged to bathe out of bed. In the bathing room, the clients can take a shower bath or a tub bath. The nurse, while sending the clients for a bath in the bathroom, should keep in mind the safety of the clients. The bathrooms should be equipped with some types of signaling device and the clients need to be cautioned to call for help when feeling weak or faint. Collect needed items and place them conveniently for the clients. The bathroom should not be locked but, an “occupied” sign on the door will provide privacy. The client should be protected from chills before, during and after the bath.

3. Partial Bath (Back Rub)

The clients who are prone to bedsores, must have their back treated two hourly or more frequently. The back is washed with soap and water, dried and massaged with powder. Using powder or any other lubricant prevents friction between the hands and the client’s body. Massaging helps to increase the blood supply to the area and prevents bedsore.

Stroking with both hands from buttocks towards shoulders and back again to buttocks, completes one round. Continue the technique, at least 8 to 10 times and cover the whole back. Attending to other pressure points at iliac crests, ankles, heels, elbows etc. are beneficial to the clients to prevent bedsores. Dry the area by patting and not by rubbing.

4. Ideal Time for Bath

The ideal time for bath is in the morning before breakfast along with the morning care given to the client. It should not be given immediately after a meal so as to interfere with the process of digestion. Wait for at least 1 hour after taking the meal.

 

Bed Bath

Bed bath means bathing a client who is confined to bed and who does not have the physical and mental capability of self bathing. The clients who need bath in bed are those who are in plaster casts and traction, on strict bed rest, paralyzed, unconscious and those who have undergone surgery.

Purpose

1. To clean the body off dirt and bacteria

2. To increase elimination through the skin

3. To prevent bedsores

4. To stimulate circulation

5. To induce sleep

6. To provide comfort to the client

7. To relieve fatigue

8. To give the client a sense of well being

9. To regulate body temperature

10. To provide active and passive exercises

11. To observe objective symptoms

12. To give the nurse an opportunity for health teaching

13. To establish an effective nurse-client relationship

 

General Instructions for Giving a Bed Bath

1. Maintain privacy of the clients by means of screens, curtains or drapes

2. Explain the procedure to win the confidence and the cooperation of the client

3. Wash hands before and after the procedure

4. All articles used in bed bath should be absolutely clean

5. Client’s unit should be warm and free of draughts

6. All needed equipment should be at hand and conveniently placed before beginning the procedure so as to avoid leaving the client unnecessarily until the entire procedure has been completed

7. Conserve the energy of the client by avoiding unnecessary exertions

8. Remove the soap completely to avoid the drying effects of soap residue left on the client’s skin

9. Only small area of the body should be exposed and bathed at a time

10. The wash clothes should be held with the corners tucked securely on the palm of the hand to avoid dragging its cold and wet ends over the skin

11. Each stroke should be smooth and long rather than short and jerky

12. Support should be given to the joints in lifting the arms and legs while washing and drying these areas

13. Provide active and passive exercise whenever possible unless it is contraindicated

14. Wash the hands and feet by placing them in the basin because it promotes thorough cleaning of the finger nails and toe nails

What is the proper sequence when giving a bed bath?

What should be assessed before giving a patient a bath?

What are the 4 types of bathe required for a patient?