Đưa ra một số nguyên đầu vào là năm, mục tiêu là Kiểm tra xem một Năm có phải là Năm nhuận hay không bằng Ngôn ngữ Python. Để làm như vậy, chúng tôi sẽ kiểm tra từng điều kiện được đề cập bên dưới trong hộp màu xanh lam. Một trong hai điều kiện được thỏa mãn, năm đó là năm nhuận. Nó không phải là khác. Dưới đây là một số phương pháp để kiểm tra xem đó có phải là một năm nhuận hay không
- Phương pháp 1. Sử dụng câu lệnh if-else 1
- Phương pháp 2. Sử dụng câu lệnh if-else 2
Chúng ta sẽ thảo luận chi tiết về tất cả các phương pháp nêu trên trong các phần sắp tới. Trước khi tiếp cận, hãy đọc hộp màu xanh bên dưới để hiểu rõ hơn về khái niệm này
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
11
Leap Year3
13
14
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16
Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
Leap Year9
Leap Year6
11
Leap Year4
13
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16
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year6
16
Leap Year003
Leap Year004
Leap Year3
Leap Year006
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year3
Leap Year030
Leap Year6____9032____9033
Leap Year034
Leap Year035
Leap Year036
Leap Year037
16
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year101
Leap Year003
Leap Year103
Leap Year104
C
Leap Year105
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Leap Year107
Leap Year108
Leap Year1
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Leap Year9
Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
Leap Year0
Leap Year6
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Leap Year3
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year9
Leap Year6
11
Leap Year4
13
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Leap Year6
14
Leap Year6
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Leap Year003
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Leap Year3
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Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year3
Leap Year030
Leap Year6
Leap Year30____031
Leap Year32
Leap Year033
Leap Year34
_______035
Leap Year31____032____9037
Leap Year39
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year101
Leap Year003
Java
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Leap Year6
Leap Year47
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Leap Year5
Leap Year6
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Leap Year5
13
Leap Year7
13
Leap Year9
13
11
Leap Year64
Leap Year65
Leap Year66
Leap Year67
Leap Year68
Leap Year69
14
15_______16
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Leap Year0
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11
Leap Year64
Leap Year81
Leap Year66
Leap Year67
Leap Year68
Leap Year69
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year9
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Leap Year9
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11
Leap Year64
Leap Year97
Leap Year66
Leap Year67
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Leap Year69
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
Leap Year5
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Leap Year3
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16
13____127____124
129
Leap Year033
Leap Year034
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Leap Year39
_______06____9003
Leap Year003
Python3
138
139
140
Leap Year6
11
143
144
Leap Year97
Leap Year68
147
147
Leap Year67
Leap Year034
13
11
143
144
Leap Year81
Leap Year68
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147
Leap Year67
Leap Year034
Leap Year69
11
143
144
Leap Year65
Leap Year68
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147
Leap Year67
Leap Year034
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14
173
_______069____175____9034
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14
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13____175____9034
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14
173
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193____147
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
Leap Year11
C#
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Leap Year47
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Leap Year5
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Leap Year51
Leap Year1
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13
Leap Year7
13
Leap Year9
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Leap Year69
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15_______16
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Leap Year0
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Leap Year3
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14
Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
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Leap Year9
13
Leap Year9
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Leap Year4
Leap Year69
14
15_______16
13
14
Leap Year6
16
_______06____9003
13
Leap Year6
113
Leap Year6
115
Leap Year51
117
Leap Year76
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
13
Leap Year3
Leap Year030
13____083____9033
Leap Year034
Leap Year86____9037
Leap Year39
_______06____9003
Leap Year003
Leap Year92
PHP
Leap Year93
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Leap Year95
Leap Year96
Leap Year2____098
Leap Year68
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year7
Leap Year6
Leap Year9
Leap Year6
11
Leap Year32____098
Leap Year09
13____199____032____9033
Leap Year39
13
Leap Year6
18
Leap Year6
Leap Year0
Leap Year6
175
11
Leap Year32
Leap Year98
Leap Year25
13____199____032____9037
Leap Year39
Leap Year69
Leap Year6
Leap Year9
Leap Year6
Leap Year9
Leap Year6
175
11
Leap Year32
Leap Year98
Leap Year41
13____199____032____9033
Leap Year39
13
Leap Year6
175
13____199____032____9037
Leap Year39
Leap Year003
Leap Year004
Leap Year98
Leap Year58
Leap Year2____098
Leap Year39
Leap Year6
Leap Year63
Leap Year64
Javascript
Leap Year65
Leap Year66
Leap Year45
Leap Year6
Leap Year96
Leap Year70
13
Leap Year7
13
Leap Year9
13____11
12
Leap Year69
14
15_______16
13____18
13
Leap Year0
13____11
Leap Year3
Leap Year69
14
Leap Year6
16
13
Leap Year9
13
Leap Year9
13____11
Leap Year4
Leap Year69
14
15_______16
13
14
Leap Year6
16
_______06____9003
Leap Year6
113
Leap Year0012
13____90014
13____90016______9033
Leap Year034
Leap Year037
Leap Year39
Leap Year0021
Leap Year0022
đầu ra
Leap Year
Thời gian phức tạp. Ô[1]
Không gian phụ trợ. Ô[1]
ví dụ 2. Mã một dòng để kiểm tra xem năm đó có phải là năm nhuận hay không
C++
Leap Year0023
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Leap Year0
Leap Year1
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Leap Year0043
183____90045
Leap Year003
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Leap Year3
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Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year3
Leap Year030
Leap Year6____90055______9033
Leap Year034
Leap Year0058
Leap Year036
Leap Year037
16
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year101
Leap Year003
Leap Year0066
C
Leap Year0023
Leap Year0024
Leap Year107
Leap Year108
Leap Year1
Leap Year2
Leap Year3
Leap Year4
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Leap Year0036
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Leap Year0040
14
Leap Year0043
13____90045
Leap Year003
Leap Year22
Leap Year3
Leap Year006
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year3
Leap Year030
Leap Year6
Leap Year30____031
Leap Year32
Leap Year033
Leap Year34
_______171____031____032____9037
Leap Year39
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year101
Leap Year003
Java
Leap Year44
Leap Year45
Leap Year6
Leap Year47
Leap Year48
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year51
Leap Year52
Leap Year2
Leap Year3
Leap Year4
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Leap Year5
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Leap Year0328
Leap Year97
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Leap Year0332
Leap Year81
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Leap Year67
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Leap Year69
Leap Year64
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Leap Year66
Leap Year67
Leap Year0342
_______06____9003
13
Leap Year6
113
Leap Year6
115
Leap Year51
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118
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
13
Leap Year3
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16
13____90361____124
129
Leap Year033
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Leap Year39
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Leap Year003
Python3
Leap Year0372
Leap Year0373
139
140
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_______06____90379
_______06____90381
Leap Year6
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Leap Year0384
144
Leap Year97
147
147
Leap Year67
Leap Year68
Leap Year0391
143
144
Leap Year81
Leap Year0395
147
Leap Year67
Leap Year0398
Leap Year0399
143
144
Leap Year65
147
147
Leap Year67___90342
192
193____147
124
11
197
Leap Year6
199____032
Leap Year033
Leap Year68
175____9034
Leap Year6
199____032____9037
Leap Year68
Leap Year6
Leap Year11
C#
Leap Year12
Leap Year45
Leap Year40
Leap Year15
Leap Year47
Leap Year17
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year51
Leap Year1
Leap Year2
Leap Year3
Leap Year4
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
13____90036
13____90323
13____90040
13
14
Leap Year0043
171____90045
_______06____9003
13
Leap Year6
113
Leap Year6
115
Leap Year51
117
Leap Year76
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
13
Leap Year3
Leap Year030
13____083____9033
Leap Year034
Leap Year86____9037
Leap Year39
_______06____9003
Leap Year003
Leap Year92
PHP
Leap Year93
Leap Year94
Leap Year95
Leap Year96
Leap Year2____098
Leap Year68
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
_______06____90036
_______06____90038
_______06____90040
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year1096______098
Leap Year1098
183
Leap Year32____098
Leap Year4002
183
Leap Year32____098
Leap Year4006
Leap Year003
Leap Year004
Leap Year98
Leap Year58
Leap Year2______098
129
199
Leap Year32
Leap Year033
Leap Year34
Leap Year4018
199
Leap Year32
Leap Year037
Leap Year39
Leap Year63
Leap Year64
Javascript
Leap Year65
Leap Year4026
Leap Year45
Leap Year6
Leap Year96
Leap Year4030
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
13____90036
13____90323
13____90040
13
14
Leap Year4042
_______06____9003
Leap Year6
113
Leap Year6____94048
Leap Year030
Leap Year6
Leap Year0016______9033
Leap Year034
Leap Year037
Leap Year39
Leap Year4056
Leap Year0022
đầu ra
Leap Year
Thời gian phức tạp. Ô[1]
Không gian phụ trợ. Ô[1]
ví dụ 3. Kiểm tra năm nhuận bằng Macro trong C/C++
C++
Leap Year4058
Leap Year4059
Leap Year4060
Leap Year4061
Leap Year40
Leap Year67
Leap Year0
Leap Year4065
Leap Year4066
Leap Year4067
Leap Year4068
Leap Year4069
Leap Year4070
Leap Year3
Leap Year006
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year3
Leap Year4076
Leap Year6
Leap Year4078
Leap Year4079
16
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year101
Leap Year003
Java
Leap Year4085
Leap Year4059
Leap Year4060
115
Leap Year47
Leap Year4090
Leap Year5
Leap Year4092____94065
Leap Year4092____94066
Leap Year4092
Leap Year51
Leap Year3
Leap Year4099
Leap Year3
Leap Year6701
Leap Year4092
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
11____96706
Leap Year65
Leap Year66
Leap Year67
Leap Year6710
Leap Year4069
Leap Year6712
Leap Year81
Leap Year0334
Leap Year67
Leap Year6716
____94069____96712____097
Leap Year66
Leap Year67____90398
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
Leap Year6725
14
Leap Year6727
16
_______06____9003
Leap Year6
175
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
Leap Year6725
14
Leap Year67____16
_______06____9003
Leap Year4092
Leap Year003
Leap Year4092____9004
Leap Year4092
115
Leap Year51
117
118
Leap Year4092
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year3
123____96755
16
_______06____96758
Leap Year4092
Leap Year003
Leap Year003
Leap Year6762
Python3
Leap Year6763
Leap Year6764
Leap Year6765
Leap Year6766
Leap Year6767
139
Leap Year6769
Leap Year4092
11______96772
144
Leap Year65
147
147
Leap Year67
Leap Year68
Leap Year0399
Leap Year0012
Leap Year6781
144
Leap Year81
Leap Year0395
147
Leap Year67
Leap Year68
Leap Year0391
Leap Year0012
Leap Year6781
144
Leap Year97
147
147
Leap Year67
Leap Year6796
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year6727____16
________ 94092 ________ 175 ________ 9034
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year67____16
Leap Year008
11
Leap Year010
147
147
Leap Year013
Leap Year034
Leap Year4092
193____147
Leap Year6755
16
Leap Year4092
199____0022
Leap Year4092____0024
C#
Leap Year025
Leap Year4059
Leap Year4060
Leap Year40
Leap Year15
Leap Year47
Leap Year031
Leap Year6
Leap Year4092____94065
Leap Year4092____94066
Leap Year4092
Leap Year51
Leap Year3
Leap Year4099
Leap Year3
Leap Year6701
Leap Year4092
Leap Year5
_______06____11____0047
Leap Year4069____0049
Leap Year4069____0051
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
Leap Year6725
14
Leap Year056
_______06____9003
Leap Year6
175
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
Leap Year6725
14
Leap Year101
_______06____9003
Leap Year4092
Leap Year003
Leap Year4092
Leap Year4092____9004
Leap Year4092
Leap Year51
117
Leap Year76
Leap Year4092
Leap Year5
Leap Year6
Leap Year3
Leap Year4076
_______06____0083
Leap Year4092
Leap Year003
Leap Year003
Leap Year087
Javascript
Leap Year65
Leap Year089
Leap Year4059
Leap Year4060
Leap Year4092____94065
Leap Year4092____94066
________ 94092 ________ 096 ________ 0098
Leap Year4092
Leap Year5
_______06____11____0047
Leap Year4069____0049
Leap Year4069____0051
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
Leap Year6725
14
Leap Year056
_______06____9003
Leap Year6
175
Leap Year6
Leap Year5
Leap Year6725
14
Leap Year101
_______06____9003
Leap Year4092
Leap Year003
Leap Year4092____9004
Leap Year4092____94048
Leap Year4076
Leap Year4092____0132
Leap Year4092
Leap Year134
Leap Year0022
đầu ra
1
Thời gian phức tạp. Ô[1]
Không gian phụ trợ. Ô[1]
Giải trình
Chương trình xuất ra 1 nếu năm nhuận và 0 nếu không phải năm nhuận
Ví dụ 4. Giải pháp ngắn trong Python
con trăn
139
140
Leap Year138
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_______06____90379
_______06____90381
Leap Year6
Leap Year146
Leap Year147
Leap Year6
14
Leap Year150
Leap Year138
Leap Year152
193____147
124
11
197
Leap Year6
199____032
Leap Year033
Leap Year68
175____9034
Leap Year6
199____032____9037
Leap Year68
Leap Year4069
Leap Year171
đầu ra
Leap Year
Thời gian phức tạp. Ô[1]
Không gian phụ trợ. Ô[1]
Ví dụ 5. Giải pháp ngắn gọn trong Java sử dụng phương thức isLeap[] của lớp Year
Java
Leap Year172
Leap Year173
Leap Year146
Leap Year175
________ 0146 ________ 0177
Leap Year47
Leap Year031
Leap Year6
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Leap Year6
115 _______ 051 ________ 052
Leap Year2________ 03 ________ 0189
13____0191____0192
13____14
Leap Year195
_______06____9003
Leap Year6
_______06____0200
Leap Year6
115
Leap Year51
117
Leap Year205
13
Leap Year3
123____124
16
Leap Year211
13____11____0214
Leap Year215
Leap Year69
Leap Year217____9033
Leap Year39
13____9003____175
Leap Year5
Leap Year69
Leap Year217____9037
Leap Year39
13____9003
_______06____9003
Leap Year003
Leap Year233
đầu ra
Leap Year
Thời gian phức tạp. Ô[1]
Không gian phụ trợ. Ô[1]
Giải trình
Lớp năm trong java là một lớp dựng sẵn được sử dụng để biểu thị một năm dưới dạng một đối tượng không thay đổi ngày giờ. Ý tưởng là gọi phương thức isLeap[] của lớp trả về giá trị true nếu năm đó là năm nhuận và ngược lại