Hướng dẫn how do i check if a json file is valid in python? - làm cách nào để kiểm tra xem tệp json có hợp lệ trong python không?

Mô-đun JSON tích hợp có thể được sử dụng làm trình xác thực:

import json

def parse[text]:
    try:
        return json.loads[text]
    except ValueError as e:
        print['invalid json: %s' % e]
        return None # or: raise

Bạn có thể làm cho nó hoạt động với các tệp bằng cách sử dụng:

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

Thay vì json.loads và bạn cũng có thể bao gồm tên tệp trong thông báo lỗi.

Trên Python 3.3.5, đối với {test: "foo"}, tôi nhận được:

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

và trên 2.7.6:

invalid json: Expecting property name: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

Điều này là do JSON chính xác là {"test": "foo"}.

Khi xử lý các tệp không hợp lệ, tốt nhất là không xử lý chúng thêm nữa. Bạn có thể xây dựng tệp đã bỏ qua.txt liệt kê các tệp có lỗi, để chúng có thể được kiểm tra và sửa bằng tay.

Nếu có thể, bạn nên kiểm tra trang web/chương trình tạo các tệp JSON không hợp lệ, sửa lỗi đó và sau đó tạo lại tệp JSON. Nếu không, bạn sẽ tiếp tục có các tệp mới là JSON không hợp lệ.

Không điều đó, bạn sẽ cần viết một trình phân tích cú pháp JSON tùy chỉnh để sửa lỗi phổ biến. Với điều đó, bạn nên đặt bản gốc dưới điều khiển nguồn [hoặc lưu trữ], để bạn có thể thấy và kiểm tra sự khác biệt mà công cụ tự động sửa chữa [như kiểm tra tỉnh táo]. Các trường hợp mơ hồ nên được cố định bằng tay.

Đưa ra một chuỗi python, nhiệm vụ là kiểm tra xem chuỗi có phải là đối tượng JSON hợp lệ hay không. Hãy để cố gắng hiểu vấn đề bằng cách sử dụng các ví dụ khác nhau.

Ví dụ 1: Chuỗi JSON không hợp lệ do báo giá không chính xác trong chuỗi Invalid JSON String due to incorrect quotes in Strings

Python3

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

Output:

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

Giải thích: Trong ví dụ trên, chuỗi là một JSON không hợp lệ bởi vì, các ký tự chuỗi được đặt trong các trích dẫn đơn [], nhưng theo lược đồ JSON hợp lệ, các chuỗi phải được đặt trong các trích dẫn kép [Hồi]. In the above example, the string is an invalid JSON because, the string characters the enclosed in single quotes [‘], but as per valid JSON schema, strings must be enclosed in double quotes [“].

Ví dụ 2: Ví dụ về chuỗi JSON hợp lệ

Python3

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

JSON String: {"name":"John", "age":31, "Salary":2500000}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: { "Subjects": {"Maths":85.01, "Physics":90}}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: {"success": true}
  Is valid?: True

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

JSON String: {"name":"John", "age":31, "Salary":2500000}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: { "Subjects": {"Maths":85.01, "Physics":90}}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: {"success": true}
  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

JSON String: 
{
    "Person": [
        {"name": "P_1", "age": 42},
        {"name": "P_2", "age": 21},
        {"name": "P_3", "age": 36}
    ],
    "location": "1.1.0",
    "Country": "IND"
}

  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

JSON String: 
{
    "Person": [
        {"name": "P_1", "age": 42},
        {"name": "P_2", "age": 21},
        {"name": "P_3", "age": 36}
    ],
    "location": "1.1.0",
    "Country": "IND"
}

  Is valid?: True

JSON String: 
{
    "Person": [
        {"name": "P_1", "age": 42},
        {"name": "P_2", "age": 21},
        {"name": "P_3", "age": 36}
    ],
    "location": "1.1.0",
    "Country": "IND"
}

  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

JSON String: 
{
    "Person": [
        {"name": "P_1", "age": 42},
        {"name": "P_2", "age": 21},
        {"name": "P_3", "age": 36}
    ],
    "location": "1.1.0",
    "Country": "IND"
}

  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

JSON String: 
{
    "Person": [
        {"name": "P_1", "age": 42},
        {"name": "P_2", "age": 21},
        {"name": "P_3", "age": 36}
    ],
    "location": "1.1.0",
    "Country": "IND"
}

  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

Output:

JSON String: {"name":"John", "age":31, "Salary":2500000}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: { "Subjects": {"Maths":85.01, "Physics":90}}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: {"success": true}
  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

1

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

5

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

6

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

8

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

9

invalid json: Expecting property name: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

Python3

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

JSON String: {"name":"John", "age":31, "Salary":2500000}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: { "Subjects": {"Maths":85.01, "Physics":90}}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: {"success": true}
  Is valid?: True

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

JSON String: {"name":"John", "age":31, "Salary":2500000}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: { "Subjects": {"Maths":85.01, "Physics":90}}
  Is valid?: True
JSON String: {"success": true}
  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

initial string {'akshat' : 1, 'nikhil' : 2}
Is valid json? false

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

JSON String: 
{
    "Person": [
        {"name": "P_1", "age": 42},
        {"name": "P_2", "age": 21},
        {"name": "P_3", "age": 36}
    ],
    "location": "1.1.0",
    "Country": "IND"
}

  Is valid?: True

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

invalid json: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 [char 1]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

with open[filename] as f:
    return json.load[f]

Output:

JSON String: 
{
    "Person": [
        {"name": "P_1", "age": 42},
        {"name": "P_2", "age": 21},
        {"name": "P_3", "age": 36}
    ],
    "location": "1.1.0",
    "Country": "IND"
}

  Is valid?: True

Làm thế nào để bạn kiểm tra xem một tệp JSON có hợp lệ hay không?

Làm cách nào để xem JSON trong Python?

Làm cách nào để kiểm tra xem JSON có trống trong Python không?