1. Units of measurement:
[i] 1 kilometre =1000 metre [m]
[ii] 1 metre =100 centimetre [cm]
[iii] 1 decimetre =10 centimetre [cm]
[iv] 1 metre =10 decimetre [dm]
[v] 1 centimetre =10 millimetre [mm]
[vi] 1 foot =12 inches
[vii] 1 yard =3 feet
[viii] 22 yards =1 chain
2. Plane Figures and their Area and Perimeter:
[i] A closed plane figure together with its interior is called the region enclosed by it.
[ii] The sum of lengths of all sides of a plane figure or the length of its boundary is called the ‘Perimeter’ of the figure.
[iii] The measurement of the region enclosed by a closed plane figure is called the ‘Area’ of the plane figure.
[iv] A square centimetre is the area of the region formed by a square of side 1 cm.
3. Standard Units of Area:
[i] 100 mm2=1 cm 2
[ii] 100 cm2=1 dm2
[iii] 100 dm2=1 m2
[iv] 10000 cm2=1 m2
[v] 100 m2=1 are
[vi] 100 ares =1 hectare
[vii] 100 hectares =1 sq. km.
4. Perimeter and Area of Rectangle and Square:
[i] The perimeter of a Rectangle =2 [length+breadth] or P=2[l+b]
[ii] The perimeter of a Square =4×[Side] or, P=4l
[iii] The area of a Rectangle = Length × breadth or A=l× b
[iv] Also, the length of a Rectangle =AreaBreadth or l=Ab
[v] The breadth of a Rectangle =AreaLength or b=Al
[vi] The area of a Square =[Side]2 or A= l2
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