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Trunk links can be combined to increase bandwidth and reliability in a process called trunking.. This is also known as link aggregation, port bonding, port teaming, EtherChannel, and NIC bonding, among other names. Although a variety of manufacturer-implemented techniques exist, IEEE 802.1AX-2008 defines a standard for link aggregation. Within the IEEE specification, the Link Aggregation Control Protocol [LACP] provides a
method to control the bundling of several physical ports together to form a single logical channel. LACP allows a network device to negotiate an automatic bundling of links by sending LACP packets to the peer. The primary purpose of link aggregation is to allow redundant links to combine their bandwidth together without causing spanning tree loops. Link aggregation is typically implemented between switches, although it can be implemented between a node and a switch.
Linking two 1-Gbps ports
on a server to two 1-Gbps ports on a switch can result in 2 Gbps aggregate throughput. Depending on the implementation, this can result in a redundant connection in case one of the cables or ports fails. However, this still leaves the possibility of the entire switch failing, so some hardware vendors provide proprietary methods for trunking ports across two physically separate switches. Trunking can be used to connect a variety of network hardware, including switch-to-switch, server-to-switch,
server-to-server, or switch-to-router.
A dedicated network device that can direct requests to different servers based on a variety of factors.
method of dividing work among the devices on a network. By sharing the work, more resources are available and data is processed faster. Because the workload is balanced between devices, all devices in the network perform at their optimum efficiency. Often, a dedicated program or hardware device balances the load on different devices. Clustering servers is also another way to implement load balancing. In a cluster, a main server determines which server in the cluster will provide the data processing capability.