"All sorts of merchants come here from the land of Babylon, from the land of Shinar, from Persia, Media, and all the sovereignty of the land of Egypt, from the land of Canaan, and the empire of Russia, from Hungary, and the land of Lombardy and Spain . . . . In _____________ is the church of Hagia Sophia, and the seat of the pope of the Greeks, since Greeks do not obey the pope of Rome."
6.] These words describe the city of
A.
Moscow
B. Baghdad
C. Jerusalem
D. Constantinople
Know, Oh Fathers, many of our Fathers entered the countries of the Mongols and Turks and Chinese and taught them. And at this day the Mongolian Christians are many, yea, there are children of princes and princesses that are baptized and do confess Christ; and they have churches with them in the camp, and they greatly honor Christians; and believers are many among them. The Mongolian king moreover, because he is united in love to the Catholics, and desires to take Palestine and the regions of Syria, demands of you help for the taking of Jerusalem.
Rabban bar Sauma, Mongolian Christian monk and diplomat, to a council of Catholic cardinals in Rome, in 1287 CE
12.] The Mongolian Christians described by Rabban bar Sauma were most likely
A. Jesuit converts
B. A splinter group from the Eastern Orthodox Church
C. An invention by the Mongol ruler in order to gain the Catholics'
support
D. Protestant refugees
"Wheels are the archetype of the primitive, caveman-level technology. But in fact, they are so ingenious that it took until 3500 B.C.E. for someone to invent them. . . . The tricky thing about the wheel is not conceiving of a wheel rolling on its edge. It's figuring out how to connect a stable, stationary platform to that cylinder. 'The stroke of genius was the wheel-and-axle concept,' said David Anthony, a professor of
Anthropology at Hartwick College and author of The Horse, The Wheel, and Language [Princeton, 2007]. 'But then making it was also difficult.'"
Naalie Wolchover, "Why It Took SO Long To Invent The Wheel," Scientific American, March 6, 2012
7.] Using the excerpt and other information, which statement best describes the advances in technology made by Paleolithic people?
a. Technological advances showed their creativity.
b. They invented new forms of technology systematically.
c. The
wheel was developed in different regions at the same time.
d. They viewed advances in technology as a sign of luck.
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