Based upon the following information, the upper class limit of the lowest interval is:
I. Ranked Distributions (Video Lesson 2 I) (YouTube version)
II. Frequency Distributions (Video Lesson 2 II) (YouTube version)
III. Grouped Frequency Distributions (Video Lesson 2 III) (YouTube version)
Construction of your class intervals is largely dependent on the type of data you are working with. When dealing with grade data as above then Class Interval sizes of 10 and a total of 5for Number of Class Intervals works best. For most data there are several different ways that you could construct your class intervals and no one is necessarily better than another. There are some general rules about class intervals that make the data easier to understand. Good Class Interval size numbers are multiples of 2, or 5. Generally speaking, interval sizes should be between 10 and 20. Less than 10 results in loss of information about the original data and more than 20 is difficult to comprehend. The Number of Class Intervals should reside somewhere between 5 and 20. You can calculate the number of intervals and interval size that would be best for any set of data. To determine the number of intervals needed you first need to compute the range of your data: Range = high score - low score For our original data: Range = 99-51 Range = 48 The second step is to select interval size (i). Let's say you select an interval size of 5. Use the formula below to calculate the number of intervals you should use. number of intervals ~ range/i (interval size) For our original data: number of intervals ~ 48/5 number of intervals ~ 9.6 rounded up to 10 (Note: we always round the number of intervals up so we make sure to include all of our data) So we can use 10 intervals with a class interval size of 5 to represent our data:
Each class interval is represented by a lower limit (e.g., 95 for the top interval) and an upper limit (e.g., 99 for the top interval). It is usually best to establish a lower limit that is a multiple of the interval size. This makes the table easier to understand. Once the intervals are complete you simply count the number of the data points (or frequency) that fits within each class interval. To calculate the interval size (i) that would be best for any set of data you first need to compute the range of your data: Range = high score - low score For our original data: Range = 99-51 Range = 48 The second step is to select the number of intervals you would use. Let's say you select 10 intervals. Use the formula below to calculate the interval size you should use: (i) (interval size) ~ range/number of intervals For our original data: (i) (interval size) ~ 48/10 (i) (interval size) ~ 4.8 rounded up to 5 IV. Apparent Limits and Real Limits (Video Lesson 2 IV) (YouTube version)
V. Midpoints (Video Lesson 2 V) (YouTube version)
VI. Cumulative Frequency (Video Lesson 2 VI) (YouTube version)
*Note that the final cumulative frequency score should equal the total frequency score. VII. Relative Frequency (Video Lesson 2 VII) (YouTube version)
*Note that the sum of the relative frequency should equal 1.00 (or very close to 1.00 if you have to round your relative frequency values). VIII. Cumulative Relative Frequency (Video Lesson 2 VIII) (YouTube version)
*Note that the final cumulative relative frequency score should equal the total relative frequency score. IX. Cumulative Percent (Video Lesson 2 IX) (YouTube version) (Calculating a Grouped Frequency Distribution Table) (mp4 version)
*Note that the final cumulative percent score should equal 100%. Additional Videos on the Concepts that might help: Frequency Distribution Table How to Create a Grouped Frequency Table Making a Frequency Distribution Table Frequency Tables Create a Frequency Table and Chart How do you find the lower class limit and upper class limit?Upper limit is the highest value of the class interval. Similarly, the lower limit is the smallest value of the class interval. For finding the actual upper limits and actual lower limits , we need to make the upper limit of a certain class and lower limit of the next class to be equal and same for the lower limit.
How do you find the upper limit of a class interval?Answer: The upper limit of class interval is the uppermost value of class interval, and the lower limit if the lowermost value of class interval. Therefore, in 75-85, the upper limit is 85.
What is upper limit and lower limit with example?The lower limit of a class is the value below which there can be no item in the class. The upper limit of a class is the value above which there can be no item to that class. Of the class 60-79, 60 is the lower limit and 79 is the upper limit, i.e. in the case there can be no value which is less than 60 or more than.
How do you find the lower limit of an interval?General Form of (Most) Confidence Intervals. Sample estimate ± margin of error. The lower limit is obtained by:. the lower limit L of the interval = estimate − margin of error. The upper limit is obtained by:. the upper limit U of the interval = estimate + margin of error.. |