Monitor to Laptop Gaming

Specs for gaming monitors and other computer components require sorting through a lot of numbers. It makes the process of buying anything computer related extremely tough. Gamers may be a bit more tech savvy than everyday users, but still, monitors and their technology have gotten extremely complex. Here is a guide to help you understand the basics so you can find a monitor that will help you see everything you need when the game is on the line.

A word before we get started. Computers are all limited by their slowest component. If you have the greatest graphics card in the world but a slow monitor with poor color, gaming is still not going to be a perfect experience. On the other hand, if you have an amazing display paired with an ancient graphics card you won't be able to make the most of it. Make sure your entire chain is solid before you spend more money. Monitors will usually outlast your cards, so spending a bit more to get a feature you might use after a future upgrade does have value.

The Basics

There are numerous features to consider when it comes to buying a monitor for gaming.

• • Resolution
  • Screen Size
  • Refresh Rate
  • Response Time
  • G-Sync/FreeSync
  • HDR
  • Color Gamut
  • Inputs/Outputs
  • Panel Type

This isn't the order of priority, but it is likely how things will be presented to you as you shop for a monitor.

Screen Size and Resolution

I'm lumping resolution and screen size together because they play off each other. Depending on your desk, your decision for screen size might already be made, but I'm guessing it'll be between 24-32". As for resolution, you'll have another range of Full HD to 4K. Bigger is obviously, well, bigger, while higher resolution provides a sharper more detailed image.

Screen size will likely determine your resolution. If you need/want something smaller, a 24" Full HD display will do great. The mid-range and likely best for most people is a 27", 2560 x 1440, also known as 1440p or QHD, monitor. Then at the top end is 32" with a 4K resolution. Obviously, there are other options available, such as 4K 27" displays and QHD 32" displays and things outside these sizes and resolutions and aspect ratios, but we are trying to keep it simple.

For gaming, the 27" 1440p is best for many reasons, even compared to the theoretical improvements that come with bigger sizes and greater resolution.

• • 27" size is reasonable for most configurations
  • 1440p is sharper than Full HD and puts less strain on graphics than 4K
  • 1440p is able to hit higher refresh rates

Technically, these advantages get even better if you move down to the 24" Full HD displays, but I think the extra screen real estate of a 27" display is worth it. Also, if you do move up to a 4K display, you have to think about the extra processing you need to power it. All those extra pixels will need to be rendered and that can put a drag on any system. Keep this in mind, sometimes more pixels is not better.

You aren't limited to these types of displays. Among the fun upgrades are ultra-wide and curved monitors, or simply larger displays or TVs [not recommended unless you have good reason]. Ultra-wide monitors introduce other potential complications, because they use less conventional resolutions and this, in turn, can result in lower refresh rates and longer response times, both of which we will get into next.

Curved and dual-screen setups:

• If you want a larger display, curved makes a lot of sense for immersion.
• Curved displays have unusual resolutions and not all games support wide field of view.
• Curved displays have no seam.
• Dualscreen setups have a seam, which is a big problem for gaming.

Refresh Rate and Response Time

Ah, now for the real gaming specs. When you look for a gaming monitor, you will absolutely want to check out the refresh rate, measured in hertz [Hz]. This reflects how many times the monitor will refresh the screen each second. Higher numbers are better. Basic displays and televisions hit around 30 Hz, with some going up to 60 Hz. For gaming, 60 Hz is recommended as the bare minimum.

If you want the real-world explanation, higher refresh rates benefit gamers by making sure what you are seeing on screen matches what is happening on the computer. Think about it this way: If someone is running in front of you in a game with a low refresh rate of 30 Hz, the image on screen might not be showing you where they are in the game world at that precise moment. This may seem like an incredibly short time differential-it is-but games require incredible precision to make your shot and human response times recognize the difference.

Now, 60 Hz is considered the bare minimum, but there are many 144 Hz displays now on the market. This is highly recommended for serious gaming. You can tell the difference between 60 and 144 Hz, and this difference can help you improve your own response times. There are even 240 Hz monitors if you want to go for the top of the line, though it remains to be seen whether there is a benefit for average gamers.

Reiterating an earlier point-if your graphics and processing can't reach these high frame rates, you won't see the benefit by using a high-refresh-rate display. Make sure the entire graphics pipeline can support your resolution and refresh rates. You can always bump down resolution in settings to boost frame rates.

The notes:

• • Higher refresh rates are better.
  • 60 Hz is the bare minimum, but 144 Hz will give a boost to performance.
  • 240 Hz is nice but is unlikely to give as large a jump in performance as the 60-144 Hz jump.
  • You need graphics powerful enough to run games at these frame rates to benefit fully from a fast monitor.

The other time-related spec is response time. It is right there in the name. This refers to how long it takes each pixel to change from one setting to the next. This is commonly measured in milliseconds [ms] from one shade of gray to another shade of gray [GtG]. For gaming, you are looking for sub 5 ms, but getting down to 2 ms, or even 1 ms, is preferred.

Response time is important because during fast motion a slower response time can lead to motion blur or ghosting, since the monitor isn't keeping up with the game. You want a nice, crisp image at all times, and a high refresh rate combined with a fast response time will do it. These are generally the features that make a gaming monitor a gaming monitor.

Things to keep in mind for response time:

• • Keep response times at 5 ms or faster.
  • 1 ms is a now-common option that is advised.
  • Fast response times minimize motion blur and ghosting.

Adaptive Sync, aka Variable Refresh Rate

If you've seen any frame-rate benchmarks for games and gaming computers, you've likely seen frame rates fluctuate depending on the action on screen. With minimal action, frame rates shoot up while in high action they can drop dramatically. Without any smart technology help, this can result in screen tearing.

Screen tearing is when the monitor displays a part of one frame and the following frame at the same time. You'll notice it, for sure, since the image looks split where the sync is broken. This happens because displays are set to run at a set refresh rate, and they don't always know what to do when the frame data they receive doesn't match up with their hard-wired settings.

One option has been VSync, which is simplistic because it tells the monitor to wait for the entire next frame before switching. This isn't a perfect solution since it can introduce lag, which is very bad for gaming.

AMD and NVIDIA have both developed adaptive sync, or variable refresh rate solutions, to help monitors maintain smooth playback even when the graphics cards are putting out non-standard frame rates. AMD has FreeSync while NVIDIA has G-Sync. Both do a great job of eliminating tearing but require compatible hardware to do so.

AMD's FreeSync is more widely available and is cheaper to implement, meaning you will often find it on more affordable monitors. NVIDIA's G-Sync, on the other hand, requires certification and goes through quality control to guarantee performance and usually results in a premium on the display. You'll likely have to choose based on your graphics cards. If you have an AMD card, get a FreeSync monitor. If you have NVIDIA, get G-Sync.

Is one better than the other? Well, you could argue that G-Sync is technically better since it has additional certifications and guarantees of performance compared to the open FreeSync that allows for inconsistencies from monitor to monitor. However, G-Sync displays are more expensive.

Takeaways:

• • NVIDIA G-Sync and AMD FreeSync help fix screen tearing with adaptive sync tech.
  • Screen tearing happens when the frame rate doesn't match the monitor's refresh rate, causing two frames to load on top of each other.
  • G-Sync monitors require NVIDIA GPUs and are more expensive, but can be more reliable.
  • FreeSync monitors require AMD GPUs and are affordable, but can have major differences from one display to another.
  • Adaptive sync, or variable refresh rate, is great for gaming.

HDR

A lot of people think that more resolution is the best move for better quality. I would argue that High Dynamic Range, or HDR, will make a bigger difference to your image quality than more resolution. The extra pop and more vivid colors available in HDR imagery represent a huge jump compared to older display systems. If you haven't seen an HDR display yet, you really are missing out.

HDR on computer monitors is a bit unusual, still. True HDR requires a specific maximum brightness and minimum brightness to guarantee the dynamic range it promises, but many affordable displays can't hit these targets. That has led to the introduction of DisplayHDR standard with alternative maximum brightness. If you are shopping, DisplayHDR 400 or higher is likely a reasonable purchase and will give your images a more vibrant feel.

You will need to make sure your OS, graphics card, and monitor all support HDR to get it working. And then, each game will need to have its own support for the format. Be careful with this, but it is highly recommended because it is quickly becoming a more standard feature.

What you should know:

• • High Dynamic Range [HDR] displays offer greater contrast with brighter highlights and deeper shadows while still maintaining detail in each. Also, they support more vivid colors.
  • HDR requires a compatible imaging pipeline, including the operating system, graphics card, display, and game, to function properly.
  • HDR has many standards, so make sure you have supported options, such as HDR10. Having a monitor rated with the DisplayHDR standard helps here, as well.
  • HDR is highly recommended because it is becoming more and more popular.

Color Gamut

This is a rough one. I don't want to get too in the weeds here-I did write an article on color gamuts already. So, I will say that at the bare minimum, you will want something with close to 100% sRGB coverage. This is a solid baseline and will provide good color that nobody will complain about.

If you want to use it for video editing, or watching movies in HDR, or simply want the best, you will want to see good coverage of Adobe RGB and Rec.2020 color spaces.

In summary:

• • Look for a minimum of ~100% sRGB coverage.

Inputs/Outputs

This one should seem relatively straightforward; luckily, computers have so many standards! This is good in this case, because we seem to be moving toward a few specific standards that are objectively better nowadays. Those are DisplayPort, HDMI, and USB Type C/Thunderbolt 3. The tricky thing is that each one has multiple versions, and the latest are what you want.

Starting with the most popular monitor inputs, we have HDMI and DisplayPort. Practically everyone has seen HDMI-it's everywhere these days-though DisplayPort is a very close neighbor. Historically, DisplayPort has been more efficient because it has granted better refresh rates and resolutions. The latest versions of HDMI have caught up, though DisplayPort does have an advantage with its locking connector to prevent accidental disconnects. Anyway, most monitors come with both.

What you will likely find today is DisplayPort 1.4 and HDMI 2.0. Both of these are reliable and have enough throughput for high resolutions of 4K and refresh rates of 60 Hz, or even more, if you are using lower resolutions. In the future, we will start to see DisplayPort 2.0 and HDMI 2.1, bringing even higher resolutions and frame rates, like 4K at 120 Hz or even 8K imagery. Today, you'll be just fine with HDMI 2.0 and DisplayPort 1.4, which are the recommended connections.

The new alternative is USB Type-C/Thunderbolt 3. Technically, these are different connections, but they look the same. Using adapters, both of these can transmit essentially the same formats as DisplayPort and HDMI. With the right computer you can use USB and/or Thunderbolt to transmit data, video, and power using a single cable.

Other considerations are things like audio output, USB ports for general use, and how many connections it has. If you only plan to use your monitor with a single computer, you likely won't worry too much. But if you want one display to connect a desktop, occasional laptop, and then have a game console on the side, you'll want to think ahead here.

What to know:

• • HDMI and DisplayPort are common standards and safe bets.
  • HDMI 2.0 is current and solid, but 2.1 is best if you want to future-proof.
  • DisplayPort 1.4 is current, but 2.0 is coming soon and will help you to future-proof.
  • USB Type-C and Thunderbolt can offer support for DisplayPort and HDMI via adapters.
  • Think about how many connections you need.
  • Don't forget USB and audio connections.
  • Cables matter here; you'll need compatible cables to match the versions of the connectors you have.

Panel Type

To be honest, some people will put great emphasis on the panel type, but as long as you hit the other specs you want/need, you don't need to care too much. Here's the summary.

• • IPS [In-Plane Switching] panels generally offer good color reproduction with solid contrast and fast response times but can get pricey for advanced features.
  • TN [Twisted Nematic] panels have better pricing for faster response times and refresh rates but are not as good when it comes to color rendering and viewing angles.
  • VA [Vertical Alignment] panels offer great contrast, but often lose out on gaming-critical performance compared to TN and IPS and aren't highly recommended.

You will very likely be pushed into one or the other, based on your own requirements and budget. There's no problem with either one, though if you are deciding between two different panel types, then you'll want to know which you personally prefer-and that's when you should know the above.

This should be a solid guide to help you go from knowing nothing about gaming monitors to finding one that is the best fit for you. If you want more help or specific recommendations, please contact our sales team or stop by the Comments section, below.