Light so sánh hơn
SO SÁNH CỦA TÍNH TỪ & TRẠNG TỪ1. So sánh bằng:S + V + as + {adj/ adv} + as + {noun/ pronoun/ clause) Show My book is as interesting as yours. His car runs as fast as a race car. John sings as well as his sister. Their house is as big as that one. They are as lucky as we (are). Với câu phủ định, có thể dùng: so + adj/adv + as. He is not as tall as his father. = He is not so tall as his father. As nên được theo sau bởi đại từ nhân xưng làm chủ ngữ. Peter is as tall as I. (RIGHT) Peter is as tall as me. (WRONG) So sánh bằng trong cấu trúc có danh từ: S + V + the same + (noun) + as + {noun/ pronoun} My house is as high as his = My house is the same height as his. These trees are the same as those. He speaks the same language as she. Her address is the same as Ritas. 2. So sánh hơn:a. Công thức:
Short adj/adv + ER + than More + long adj/adv + than
E.g. Johns grades are higher than his sisters. Today is hotter than yesterday. Yesterday was less hot than today. This chair is more comfortable than the other. This chair is less comfortable than the other. He speaks Spanish more fluently than me b. Modification of comparatives: Much /A lot/ Far Many > A little A few + comparatives A bit Even Still A watermelon is much/far/ a lot sweeter than a pomegranate. His car is a little/ a bit/ much/ far/ a lot/ still / even better than yours. c. Tính từ/trạng từ so sánh hơn bất quy tắc: Adj/ Adv Comparatives Superlatives Good/ well Better The best Bad/ badly Worse The worst Far Farther/further The farthest/ the furthest Little Less The least Much/many More The most Chú ý: Sau as và than có thể lược bỏ chủ ngữ nếu chúng giống chủ ngữ của mệnh đề đứng trước. Their marriage was as stormy as (it) had been expected. He worries more than (what) was good for him. d. Cấu trúc song song trong so sánh hơn:
Sai: His drawings are as perfect as his instructor. (các bức tranh = người chỉ dẫn) Đúng: His drawings are as perfect as his instructors. (instructors = instructors drawings)
Sai: The salary of a professor is as high as than a secretary. (salary = secretary) Đúng: The salary of a professor is as high as that of a secretary. (that of = the salary of) Sai: The duties of a policeman are more dangerous than a teacher . (duties = teacher) Đúng: The duties of a policeman are more dangerous than those of a teacher. (those of = the duties of) *** Chú ý 1: farther được dùng cho khoảng cách thôi, còn further được dùng rộng hơn. Your way home is farther than that of mine. If you want further information, please call the agent. Next year he will come to the U.S for his further education. *** Chú ý 2:
3. So sánh nhất: (dùng so 3 người/vật trở lên)a. Công thức: The + short adj/adv + EST The most + long adj/adv Use preposition in with uncountable nouns/ collective nouns. (trong) Use preposition of with plural countable nouns. (trong số) E.g. John is the tallest boy in the family. Deana is the shortest of the three sisters. These shoes are the least expensive of all. Of the three shirts, this one is the prettiest. b. Các trường hợp đòi hỏi dùng so sánh nhất:
One of the (great) __________ tennis players in the world is Johnson. Kuwait is one of the (big) ___________ oil producers in the world.
Landmark 81 is (high) _______________ building in Ho Chi Minh city. That was (good)__________________ movie I have ever seen. *** Chú ý: một số từ mang nghĩa cực đỉnh và không phù hợp để dùng so sánh hơn hoặc so sánh nhất như các từ: unique/ extreme/ perfect/ supreme (tối cao) / top/ absolute (hoàn toàn)/prime (chính)/ primary (chính), tức là đã độc nhất vô nhị rồi thì không có cái thứ 2 để mà so, đã chính rồi thì không có chuyện chính hơn/ chính nhất, đã hoàn hảo rồi thì không có chuyện hoàn hảo hơn/nhất. 4. So sánh gấp nhiều lần:This encyclopedia costs twice as much as the other one. Jerome has half as many records now as I had last year. At the clambake last week, Fred ate three times as many oysters as Bob. 5. So sánh kép:It is getting hotter and hotter. The exercises turn to be more and more difficult as we go further. Dùng 3 cấu trúc sau đây kết hợp với nhau: The + short adj/adv + er The + more + long adj/adv The + less + adj/adv The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel. The sooner you take your medicine, the better you will feel. The bigger they are, the more easily they fall. The more you study, the smarter you will become. The less money you spend on education, the more risks of becoming incompetent you may have. Dịch các câu sau sang tiếng Anh 6. Lược bỏ it + be và to be khi chúng xuất hiện trong 2 mệnh đề trong câu so sánhThe shorter (it is), the better (it is). The closer to the Earths pole (is), the greater the gravitational force (is). EXERCISES1.Rewrite the following sentences using the words given:2. Translate these sentences into English: |