Css white space pre line height

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The property specifies two things:

• Whether and how white space is collapsed.
• Whether lines may wrap at soft-wrap opportunities.

Syntax

/* Keyword values */
white-space: normal;
white-space: nowrap;
white-space: pre;
white-space: pre-wrap;
white-space: pre-line;
white-space: break-spaces;

/* Global values */
white-space: inherit;
white-space: initial;
white-space: revert;
white-space: revert-layer;
white-space: unset;

The white-space property is specified as a single keyword chosen from the list of values below.

Values

normal

Sequences of white space are collapsed. Newline characters in the source are handled the same as other white space. Lines are broken as necessary to fill line boxes.

Collapses white space as for normal, but suppresses line breaks (text wrapping) within the source.

Sequences of white space are preserved. Lines are only broken at newline characters in the source and at
elements.

Sequences of white space are preserved. Lines are broken at newline characters, at
, and as necessary to fill line boxes.

Sequences of white space are collapsed. Lines are broken at newline characters, at
, and as necessary to fill line boxes.

The behavior is identical to that of pre-wrap, except that:

• Any sequence of preserved white space always takes up space, including at the end of the line.
• A line breaking opportunity exists after every preserved white space character, including between white space characters.
• Such preserved spaces take up space and do not hang, and thus affect the box's intrinsic sizes (min-content size and max-content size).

The following table summarizes the behavior of the various white-space values:

Note: There is a distinction made between spaces and other space separators. These are defined as follows:

Spaces (U+0020), tabs (U+0009), and segment breaks (such as newlines).

All other space separators defined in Unicode, other than those already defined as spaces.

Where white space is said to hang, this can affect the size of the box when measured for intrinsic sizing.

Collapsing of white space

The CSS Text specification contains a Collapsing and Transformation section that precisely defines what "white space is collapsed" means, including an example with an illustration. Usually, it means reducing sequences of multiple white-space characters down to a single space character — though in some cases it means reducing them to no character (the empty string).

Formal definition

Formal syntax

white-space = 
  normal        |
  pre           |
  nowrap        |
  pre-wrap      |
  break-spaces  |
  pre-line      

Examples

Basic example

code {
  white-space: pre;
}

Line breaks inside

 elements

pre {
  white-space: pre-wrap;
}

In action

HTML

<div id="css-code" class="box">
  p { white-space:
  <select>
    <option>normaloption>
    <option>nowrapoption>
    <option>preoption>
    <option>pre-wrapoption>
    <option>pre-lineoption>
    <option>break-spacesoption>
  select>
  }
div>
<div id="results" class="box">
  <p>
    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod
    tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
    quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
    consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
    cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat
    non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
  p>
div>

.box {
  width: 300px;
  padding: 16px;
  border-radius: 10px;
}

#css-code {
  background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-family: monospace;
}

#css-code select {
  font-family: inherit;
}

#results {
  background-color: rgb(230, 230, 230);
  overflow-x: scroll;
  height: 400px;
  white-space: normal;
  font-size: 14px;
}

const select  = document.querySelector("#css-code select");
const results = document.querySelector("#results p");
select.addEventListener("change", (e) => {
  results.setAttribute("style", `white-space: ${e.target.value}`);
})

<p>
  Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
  incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis
  nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
  Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore
  eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt
  in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
p>

Result

See also

• Properties that define how words break within themselves: overflow-wrap, word-break, hyphens