Who contributed to the development of political parties?

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Moderate constitutional political parties took shape during the course of the 1905 Russian Revolution. They were formed without a national parliament and under the rule of a regime that prohibited all political organization. In this erudite examination of those parties’ short-lived electoral successes from 1904 to 1907, Terence Emmons draws on the latest findings of both American and Soviet scholarship.

Emmons extensively documents Russian electoral politics with new material from Soviet archives, while posing venturesome questions about their origins and sources of support in Russian society. He not only looks at the structure of parties themselves but also analyzes the outcome of the pathmarking 1906 spring elections.

This is the most comprehensive analysis of the first national elections in Russia ever written. Emmons lucidly assesses all forces that favored parliamentary government, not just the much-studied Kadets and Octobrists. Because of his broad coverage of the whole of European Russia, he is able to shed new light on the reasons for the elections’ ultimate failure and the coming of the 1917 upheaval.

Joseph LaPalombara and Myron Weiner

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    © 2016 Princeton University Press, Princeton

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    1. The Origin and Development of Political Parties

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    journal article

    Political Party Development: Institutionalization, Leadership Recruitment, and Behavior

    American Journal of Political Science

    Vol. 18, No. 1 (Feb., 1974)

    , pp. 135-165 (31 pages)

    Published By: Midwest Political Science Association

    https://doi.org/10.2307/2110658

    https://www.jstor.org/stable/2110658

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    Abstract

    The behavior of political parties is explained as a specified combination of institutional processes, patterns of leadership recruitment, leadership career preferences and changing levels of citizen activity and sophistication. Political parties pass through several stages of organizational development which condition the incentives and opportunities for ambitious members and result in differing patterns of leadership recruitment reflecting the goals of the organization. Disputes and schisms arise in the party when organizational factors constrain the opportunities for ambitious aspirants while changing market conditions create new possibilities for party expansion. The resulting frustrations are vented by these aspirants through the use of ideological issues in order to foster dissent, provoke schisms, and thereby improve their position in the party hierarchy.

    Journal Information

    The American Journal of Political Science (AJPS), published four times each year, is one of the most widely-read political science journals in the United States. AJPS is a general journal of political science open to all members of the profession and to all areas of the discipline of political science. JSTOR provides a digital archive of the print version of American Journal of Political Science. The electronic version of American Journal of Political Science is available at http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/servlet/useragent?func=showIssues&code;=ajps. Authorized users may be able to access the full text articles at this site.

    Publisher Information

    The Midwest Political Science Association, founded in 1939, is a national organization of more than 2,800 political science professors, researchers, students, and public administrators from throughout the United States and over 50 foreign countries. The association is dedicated to the advancement of scholarly communication in all areas of political science. Each year the association sponsors a three-day conference of political scientists in Chicago for the purpose of presenting and discussing the latest research in political science. More than 2,000 individuals participate in this conference, which features 300 panels and programs on politics. The MPSA is headquartered at Indiana University. For further information, contact William D. Morgan, Executive Director, email: .

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